Migrated hybrid turbidite-contourite channel-lobe complex of the late Eocene Rovuma Basin,East Africa

Analysis of 3 D seismic data and well log data from the Rovuma Basin in East Africa reveals the presence of a late Eocene channel-lobe complex on its slope. The first two channels, denoted as channel-1 and channel-2, are initiated within a topographic low on the slope but come to a premature end when they are blocked by a topographic high in the northwest region of the basin. New channels migrate southeastward from channel-1 to channel-6 due to the region's sufficient sediment supply and stripping caused by bottom currents. The primary factors controlling the development of the channel complex include its initial paleo-topographic of seafloor, the property of gravity flows, the direction of the bottom current, and the stacking and expansion of its levees. The transition zone from channel to lobe can also be clearly identified from seismic sections by its pond-shaped structure. At a certain point, thest systems record a transiton from erosive features to sedimentary features, and record a transition from a confined environment to an open environment. Channels and lobes can be differentiated by their morphologies: thick slump-debris flows are partly developed under channel sand sheets,whereas these slump-debris flows are not very well developed in lobes. Well log responses also record different characteristics between channels and lobes. The interpreted shale volume throughout the main channel records a box-shaped curve, thereby implying that confined channel complexes record high energy currents and abundant sand supply, whereas the interpreted shale volume throughout the lobe records an upward-fining shape curve,thereby indicating the presence of a reduced-energy current in a relatively open environment. Within the Rovuma Basin of East Africa, the average width of the Rovuma shelf is less than 10 km, the width of the slope is only approximately 40 km, and the slope gradient is 2°–4°. Due to this steep slope gradient, the sand-rich top sheet within the channel also likely contributes to the straight feature of the channel system. It is currently unclear whether the bottom current has any effect on its sinuosity.     

A buried submarine canyon in the northwest South China Sea:architecture,development processes and implications for hydrocarbon exploration

High-resolution multichannel seismic data enables the discovery of a previous, undocumented submarine canyon(Huaguang Canyon) in the Qiongdongnan Basin, northwest South China Sea. The Huaguang Canyon with a NW orientation is 140 km in length, and 2.5 km to 5 km in width in its upper reach and 4.6 km to 9.5 km in width in its lower reach. The head of the Huaguang Canyon is close to the Xisha carbonate platform and its tail is adjacent to the central canyon. This buried submarine canyon is formed by gravity flows from the Xisha carbonate platform when the sea level dropped in the early stage of the late Miocene(～10.5 Ma). The internal architecture of the Huaguang Canyon is mainly characterized by high amplitude reflections, indicating that this ancient submarine canyon was filled with coarse-grained sediments. The sediment was principally scourced from the Xisha carbonate platform. In contrast to other buried large-scale submarine canyons(central canyon and Zhongjian Canyon) in the Qiongdongnan Basin, the Huaguang Canyon displays later formation time, smaller width and length, and single sediment supply. The coarse-grained deposits within Huaguang Canyon provide a good environment for reserving oil and gas, and the muddy fillings in Huaguang Canyon have been identified as regional caps. Therefore, Huaguang Canyon is potential area for future hydrocarbon exploration in the northwest South China Sea. Our results may contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of submarine canyons formed in carbonate environment.     

洱海富营养化时间演变特征(1988-2013年)及社会经济驱动分析

基于1988-2013年的洱海流域社会经济统计数据与湖内水质历史监测数据,分析了社会经济指标和富营养化指标的逐年变化趋势,并借助Change-point Analyzer对指标进行了拐点分析.结果显示：过去25年洱海水体呈明显富营养化趋势,主要富营养化指标均出现过1次恶化拐点,总磷出现时间最早（1996年）,其次是高锰酸盐指数（1999年）,总氮、叶绿素a、透明度和综合营养状态指数则集中在2002-2003年期间出现拐点,叶绿素a浓度上升10余倍,透明度相应下降了近50%.流域主要社会经济指标出现了2~3次增长拐点,首次拐点集中出现在1994-1999年期间,明显早于富营养化指标恶化拐点出现时间.多元回归分析显示洱海总磷浓度受流域农作物种植业发展影响最大,其他水质指标则主要受流域畜牧业的影响.     

黄东海海区表观光学特性和固有光学特性春季模式研究

在海洋光学研究领域中,表观光学特性和固有光学特性是两大主要研究内容。通过2003年黄东海试验获取的表观光学参数中的水下遥感反射率rrx(λ)、固有光学参数中的后向散射系数bb(λ)和水体吸收系数α(λ),建立了区域性、季节性的表观光学特性和固有光学特性之间的经验模式,并对模式进行了误差分析和改进。     

A Newly Discovered Oil-bearing Mesoproterozoic Erathem within the Niu D1 Well,Liaoxi Depression,Yanliao Faulted Depression Zone,NE China

正Objective The Yanshan Fold Belt is located within the northern margin of the North China platform and contains welldeveloped and widespread Neoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic sedimentary units with a total thickness of up to 9000 m.Previous studies identified many oil seedlings as well as asphalt and ancient hydrocarbon reservoirs in Northern Hebei depression and western Liaoning depression.This research indicates that the Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic sedimentary units are ideally suited for the formation of significant oil and gas resources.The Niu D1 well was drilled by the China Geological Survey (CGS) in the Niuyingzi area and intercepted oil immersions and oil-and gas-bearing units     

“7·20”郑州特大暴雨的多模式对比及高分辨率区域模式预报分析

7月20日郑州遭遇特大暴雨，郑州站单日降水量（552.5 mm）和1 h降水量（201.9 mm）皆打破了该站建站以来的历史纪录。本文采用地面降水观测、静止卫星观测、再分析资料和数值模式预报数据对此次过程开展了多模式预报偏差原因分析和江苏省精细化天气分析和预报系统（Precision Weather Analysis and Forecasting System，PWAFS）的极端强降水预报能力分析。主要结论：1）此次暴雨过程因副热带高压西伸与台风”烟花”加强使二者之间的东风急流加强，并叠加地形的抬升作用而引起，前者提供了大尺度水汽条件，后者提供了局部动力条件；2）欧洲中期天气预报中心（European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasts，ECMWF）模式和美国国家环境预报中心全球预报系统（Global Forecast System，GFS）的降水落区较好，中心略偏北，但强度显著偏低。PWAFS模式预报的降水量级高于全球模式，且具有沿地形分布的特征，但存在降水位置偏西和降水范围更为孤立等问题。3）结合再分析资料和PWAFS预报，对应此次强降水区域，7月20日白天存在中低层切变发展成闭合低压系统的过程，为对流发展提供了动力条件。     

奉节钻孔应变前兆异常机理分析——区域应力场应力传递的结果

奉节钻孔应变前兆异常对应震例较远，前兆异常机理不明确。结合其他观测数据和历史背景资料，对比分析该异常的可信度及观测物理意义，并进一步利用有限元模拟方法分析其前兆异常机理。结果显示：奉节钻孔应变的趋势变化与附近的其他观测资料较吻合，能记录到区域应力场的变化信息。数值模拟分析认为该台位于扬子地台四川台坳东缘，扬子地台基底较硬，具有很好的应力传递性；地台边缘岩性破碎较软，受力易变形，对块体另一端的应力较敏感。因此，奉节钻孔应变趋势异常变化是区域应力场应力传递的结果。     

花岗岩露天关闭矿山生态修复技术应用北大核心CSCD

矿山生态修复是贯彻落实“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念、实施“山水林田湖草沙”生态保护修复工程的重要举措,其中坚硬岩石高陡边坡生态修复是矿山环境修复的难点与热点问题。以苏州市金山浜花岗岩露天关闭矿山生态修复项目为例,调查分析矿山地质环境问题,针对矿山植被覆盖度低、地貌景观破损造成视觉污染及地质灾害现状,采用削坡清坡、浆砌片石格构植被护坡、客土喷播、锚固铁丝网砼筑围堰、废弃地平整覆土、截排水及植被养护等技术对矿山进行生态修复。实践表明:采取的技术方案使花岗岩边坡安全稳定,坡面植被覆盖率达85%以上,废弃地得到整理利用,改善了矿山生态环境和景观面貌,提升了环太湖风景区的生态环境品质。